Top 6 Object-Oriented Programming Languages

Trung Tran

Trung Tran | 17/12/2021

The List of Object-oriented Programming Languages

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a hot topic in the software development world. It is a popular paradigm in computer science. It enables programmers to create more complex systems by building on previously existing code, which makes it easier for others to understand and work with the new program.

There are many different types of object-oriented programming languages that all use slightly different syntaxes but share the same general concepts. In our blog, we will go through a list of object-oriented programming languages that are most prevalent today.

What Is the Object-oriented Programming?

Object-oriented programming or OOP is a type of computer programming in which the objects and their interactions with one another are considered central. It is based on the concept that all items in a program such as variables, data structures, and functions should be treated as objects.

Object-oriented programming aims to increase code reusability by creating different classes for different types of information, which allows developers to easily add features when they need them without having to change existing code. This also saves development time and makes programs easier to maintain because if there’s a bug or a defect, you can fix it in one place instead of having to search through multiple files looking for where the error occurs.

Object-oriented programming is the best way to create complex computer programs. These are usually large programs that solve complicated problems. That’s because object-oriented programming helps us break down the problem into manageable chunks, like “persons” and “calculations.” The program can then use each of these manageable chunks of code to do its thing.

Building Block of Object-oriented Programming

Two basic building blocks of object-oriented programming are classes and objects.

Classes

A class is a template for creating objects. It defines the data and behavior that all objects of that type will share. In object-oriented programming, you create classes by defining a set of properties and methods. Properties are like instance variables, except all objects of a class share them. Methods are like functions, except objects can invoke them.

Classes can be used to model the real world. For example, you could create a class named Car that defines the properties and methods for all cars. This class includes properties such as make, model, and year and other methods such as start, stop and accelerate.

Classes can also be used to model abstract concepts. For example, you could create a class named Shape that defines the properties and methods for all shapes. This class could include properties such as width, height, and color and other methods such as rotate and translate.

Objects

In object-oriented programming, you instantiate a class by creating an object. An object can be thought of as a particular instance of a class. It contains its own copy of each property defined in the class, and each method is executed independently on that object.

Individual objects have their own unique identity that distinguishes them from all other objects. In other words, no two objects are the same.

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Principles of Object-oriented Programming

Four principles of OOP that you should know before learning any object-oriented programming language include:

Abstraction

It is a set of rules and definitions that allows one to understand a topic or issue without actually knowing about it in person or how it was developed.

Encapsulation

The process of combining data and behavior together into a single unit is called an object. The data and behavior should be made hidden from the other objects and the developer. The object can then be assigned to a variable that can be passed around as if it is an element of code. Encapsulation allows the definition and implementation of interfaces between different objects.

Inheritance

Allows one class, called the base or superclass, to be inherited by another class, called the derived or child class. The child class then gains all the members of the superclass, including data and behavior, unless they are overridden in the class. This allows for code reuse and a more concise way of developing software.

Polymorphism

It is the ability of an object to take on different forms or be polymorphic. This is usually achieved through inheritance, where the child class can redefine the behavior of the members inherited from the superclass. Polymorphism allows for more flexible code and a greater degree of abstraction.

Top List of Object-oriented Programming Languages

Our blog will go through the six object-oriented programming languages commonly used today, including Java, C#, Ruby, Python, TypeScript, and PHP. Each of these languages has different strengths and weaknesses, but they’re all object-oriented.

Before we go over the six OOP languages, let’s take a look at what an object-oriented programming language is.

An object-oriented programming language is a programming language that represents the elements of a problem as objects, which contain data and behavior. Real-world objects are used to model the state and behavior of real-world entities in your application. Object-oriented languages can be subdivided into categories depending on their particular type of system, also referred to as static or dynamic typing.

Java

Java

Java is one of the oldest, most popular, and well-known object-oriented languages. It was designed to be platform-independent and easy to learn, and it has become the primary language used for Android app development.

Java also enjoys a strong following in the business world, thanks to its robustness and security features. This is a great programming language for beginners because it is simple to learn, but it can also be used for large projects where reliability is key.

Since its release in 1995, Java has gained immense popularity. It is part of the CPU on Mac OS X and every Android device, it powers most websites that use content management systems like WordPress or Drupal, and it’s used to code everything from iPhone apps to video game consoles.

C#

ASP.NET/C#

C# is a multi-paradigm language developed by Microsoft. It is an object-oriented programming language that also supports functional, imperative, and generic programming paradigms. C# was developed in the early 2000s. It’s very similar to the first language - Java, but it has been designed with the .NET framework, making it a little easier to code for Microsoft platforms like ASP.

C# has been gaining importance in the OOP community due to its interoperability with .NET Framework. Furthermore, it can be used to develop Windows desktop applications and Android mobile apps.

C# is a good choice for beginners because it’s easy to learn and has strong support from the industry. However, due to its popularity, many online resources can make learning this OOP language easier than other languages.

Python

Python

This is a high-level object-oriented programming language that is easy to learn and enables developers to work faster and integrate systems more effectively. It’s a dynamic, interpreted language that emphasizes code readability and supports multiple programming paradigms, including functional, object-oriented, procedural, and imperative.

Python is a multi-paradigm programming language built by Guido van Rossum. Python is a good choice for beginners because it is easy to learn and read. It also has a strong community that produces a lot of great resources. It’s a versatile language that can be used for scripting, web development, scientific computing, and more.

Ruby

Ruby

Ruby is a dynamic, open-source programming language focusing on productivity and simplicity. Developed in the 1990s by Yukihiro Matsumoto, Ruby has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write. Ruby has an extensive and comprehensive standard library, and its simple design makes it very reliable and portable.

One of the best things about this OOP language is its community. The Ruby community is very active, and there are a lot of great resources available online. Safe, object-oriented, and expressive, Ruby is a powerful scripting language that feels natural to program in.

PHP

PHP

PHP is one of the object-oriented programming languages most commonly used to create dynamic web pages and is also a popular programming language in general. Developed by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995, PHP was designed for web development and is commonly used in conjunction with HTML and CSS.

PHP is a good choice for beginners because it’s also easy to learn and has a strong community that produces great resources.

TypeScript

JavaScript/TypeScript

TypeScript is one of the object-oriented programming languages. It is a superset of JavaScript that provides optional static typing, interfaces, and classes. The syntactical additions to JavaScript can be beneficial when writing large-scale applications that are expected to function correctly. In addition, TypeScript files get compiled into standard JavaScript files that can be run in any browser or run engine (like Node.js).

Moreover, TypeScript offers type inference, which helps you write code faster and with fewer errors. It also provides an alternate syntax for constructors and destructors. This syntax makes it easier to identify objects by name since they are always written first in the literal object. In addition, its open-source nature allows it to be quickly adopted into existing JavaScript projects or developed on its own.

Conclusion

Top 6 Object-Oriented Programming Languages conclusion

In this list of object-oriented programming languages, we have gone through the top 6 most popular OOP languages in use today. Each language has its own plusses and minuses that make them better or worse for different uses.

For example: if you need a server-side web app framework to build your application’s backend logic in which speed is key, then Ruby may be best suited for you; while if data integrity is more important than speed (i.e., an online banking website), then PHP would likely be a better choice. We recommend consulting with a developer who specializes in one of these popular object-oriented languages before deciding the best one for your project.